\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+ac+bc\right)=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+ac+bc+c^2-c^2\right)\)

\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)-c^2\right)\)

\(=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)-c^2\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)-c^3\)

\(=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)-c^2a-c^2b+abc+c^2a+c^2b+c^3-c^3\)

\(=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)+abc=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)+2018\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)+2018=2018\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)=0\)

Ta có:

\(A=\left(b^2c+2018\right)\left(c^2a+2018\right)\left(a^2b+2018\right)\)

\(A=\left(b^2c+abc\right)\left(c^2a+abc\right)\left(a^2b+abc\right)\)

\(A=bc\left(a+b\right)ac\left(b+c\right)ab\left(a+c\right)\)

\(A=\left(abc\right)^2\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\)

\(A=2018^2.0=0\)

Ta có: \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\)

\(\Rightarrow a^{2018}+b^{2018}+c^{2018}\ge\left(ab\right)^{1009}+\left(bc\right)^{1009}+\left(ca\right)^{1009}\)

Dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)

Mà đẳng thức trên xảy ra dấu =

\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\Leftrightarrow P=0\)

Bài kia tí nghĩ nốt, khó v

Sửa đề em nhé: \(\frac{2}{ab}-\frac{1}{c^2}=4\) và tính \(a+b+2c\)

Có: \(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ca}=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ca}+4=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{a}=\frac{-1}{c}\\\frac{1}{b}=\frac{-1}{c}\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=-c\\b=-c\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+2c=0\)

1/\(=4a^2+4b^2+c^2+8ab-4bc-4ca+4b^2+4c^2+a^2+8bc-4ca-4ab+4a^2+4c^2+b^2+8ca-4bc-4ab=\)

\(=9a^2+9b^2+9c^2=9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)

2/

Ta có

\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=2\)

\(\Rightarrow P=9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge18\)

\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=18\)

làm cái đề ra ấy, ngại viết lại đề :P

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow M=1^{2018}+1^{2019}+1^{2020}=1+1+1=3\)

-Tham khảo:

https://hoc24.vn/cau-hoi/cho-abc-la-cac-so-thoa-man-2018le-abcle2019-tim-gtln-cua-bieu-thuc-plefta-bright2000leftb-cright2000leftc-aright.253535226325

Không mất tính tổng quát giả sử \(a\ge b\ge c\)

đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=x\\b-c=y\\c-a=z\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}0\le x;y;z\le1\\x+y=z\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^{2000}\le x\\y^{2000}\le y\\z^{2000}\le z\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow P=x^{2000}+y^{2000}+z^{2000}\le x+y+z=2z\le2\)

\(\Rightarrow P_{max}=1\) khi (x;y;z)=(0;1;1) và hoán vị

\(\Rightarrow\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(2018;2018;2019\right)\) và hoán vị